Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia. We proposed a new mechanism of LENR (low energy nuclear reactions)1: cooperative processes in the whole system - nuclei+atoms+condensed matter can occur at smaller threshold than the corresponding ones assoiciated with free constituents. The cooperative processes can be induced and enhanced by (\superlow energy") external elds. The excess heat is the emission of internal energy, and transmutations from LENR are the result of redistribution of the internal energy of the whole system. A review of possible stimulation mechanisms of LENR is presented. We have concluded that transmutation of nuclei at low energies and excess heat are possible in the framework of the known fundamental physical laws: The universal resonance synchronization principle2, and, based on it, di®erent enhancement mechanisms of reaction rates are responsible for these processes3;4. The excitation and ionization of atoms may play the role of a trigger for LENR.
scott.chubb@nrl.navy.mil
scott.chubb@nrl.navy.mil
